How to Draw a Human Figure

 

Step-by-step guide for beginners and advanced artists

Step 1: Start with Basic Shapes (Stick Figure)

• Begin by sketching a stick figure to establish the pose.
• Draw a circle for the head.
• Use straight lines for the spine, arms, and legs.
• Add small circles for the joints (shoulders, elbows, wrists, hips, knees, and ankles).
• Ensure the figure is balanced to avoid awkward poses.

🔹 Tip: Keep your strokes light; these are just guidelines.

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Step 2: Block in the Basic Structure (Mannequin Form)

• Convert the stick figure into simple 3D shapes:
  • Head: An oval
  • Torso: Two boxes (one for the ribcage, one for the pelvis)
  • Limbs: Cylinders for arms and legs
• Adjust proportions based on the 8-head rule (average human height = 8 heads tall).

🔹 Tip: The waist is usually at the halfway point of the body.

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Step 3: Define the Proportions and Anatomy

• Sketch contours around the mannequin form to create muscle structure.
• Adjust the limbs for natural flow—avoid stiff, straight lines.
• Use curves for realistic movement, following the body's natural anatomy.
• Refine the hands and feet with simplified shapes (triangles and cylinders).

🔹 Tip: Observe real human poses or use reference images to improve accuracy.

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Step 4: Add Details and Features

• Face: Divide the head into halves horizontally and vertically.
  • Eyes go on the center horizontal line.
  • Nose at the halfway mark between eyes and chin.
  • Mouth slightly above the chin.
• Hands & Feet: Break them into geometric forms before detailing fingers/toes.
• Clothing & Hair: Use smooth, flowing lines for natural drapery.

🔹 Tip: Hair follows the skull shape, and clothing folds based on gravity and body movement.

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Step 5: Refine the Drawing and Clean Up

• Erase unnecessary construction lines.
• Strengthen the final linework with confident, smooth strokes.
• Add small details, such as muscles, wrinkles, and facial expressions.

🔹 Tip: Use varying line weights (thicker for outlines, thinner for details).

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Step 6: Shading & Texture (Advanced)

• Identify a light source and shade accordingly.
• Use hatching, cross-hatching, or smooth shading to add depth.
• Skin texture: Use light blending for smoothness.
• Clothing texture: Use directional strokes to simulate fabric.

🔹 Tip: Soft shadows make a realistic effect; hard shadows create a dramatic look.

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Final Thoughts

• Start simple and build up details gradually.
• Use references to improve anatomy and proportions.
• Experiment with different poses and expressions.
• Practice regularly—drawing human figures takes time!

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